Cotons are generally very healthy and vigorous dogs. However, there are a few genetic diseases that parents should be tested for, before breeding. By definition a disease is the result of a known cause; such as a bacteria, virus or genetic mutation.
Disorders can also affect Cotons. A disorder is a malfunction of the body with poorly understood pathology, and most likely has a genetic and environmental component; such as hip dysplasia. The health of the parents should be assessed by exam from a veterinary specialist.